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<span id="django-documentation-contents"></span><h1>Django 文档内容<a class="headerlink" href="#django-documentation-contents" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
</div>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/index.html">开始</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html">初识 Django</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#design-your-model">设计模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#install-it">应用数据模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#enjoy-the-free-api">享用便捷的 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#a-dynamic-admin-interface-it-s-not-just-scaffolding-it-s-the-whole-house">一个动态管理接口：并非徒有其表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#design-your-urls">规划 URLs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#write-your-views">编写视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#design-your-templates">设计模板</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/overview.html#this-is-just-the-surface">这仅是基本入门知识</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html">快速安装指南</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html#install-python">安装 Python</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html#set-up-a-database">设置数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html#install-django">安装 Django</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html#verifying">验证</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/install.html#that-s-it">搞定！</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial01.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 1 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial01.html#creating-a-project">创建项目</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial01.html#the-development-server">用于开发的简易服务器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial01.html#creating-the-polls-app">创建投票应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial01.html#write-your-first-view">编写第一个视图</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 2 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html#database-setup">数据库配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html#creating-models">创建模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html#activating-models">激活模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html#playing-with-the-api">初试 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial02.html#introducing-the-django-admin">介绍 Django 管理页面</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 3 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#overview">概况</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#writing-more-views">编写更多视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#write-views-that-actually-do-something">写一个真正有用的视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#raising-a-404-error">抛出 404 错误</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#use-the-template-system">使用模板系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#removing-hardcoded-urls-in-templates">去除模板中的硬编码 URL</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial03.html#namespacing-url-names">为 URL 名称添加命名空间</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial04.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 4 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial04.html#write-a-minimal-form">编写一个简单的表单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial04.html#use-generic-views-less-code-is-better">使用通用视图：代码还是少点好</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 5 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#introducing-automated-testing">自动化测试简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#basic-testing-strategies">基础测试策略</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#writing-our-first-test">开始写我们的第一个测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#test-a-view">测试视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#when-testing-more-is-better">当需要测试的时候，测试用例越多越好</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#further-testing">深入代码测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial05.html#what-s-next">接下来要做什么？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial06.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 6 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial06.html#customize-your-app-s-look-and-feel">自定义 <em>应用</em> 的界面和风格</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial06.html#adding-a-background-image">添加一个背景图</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html">编写你的第一个 Django 应用，第 7 部分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html#customize-the-admin-form">自定义后台表单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html#adding-related-objects">添加关联的对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html#customize-the-admin-change-list">自定义后台更改列表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html#customize-the-admin-look-and-feel">自定义后台界面和风格</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html#customize-the-admin-index-page">自定义后台主页</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/tutorial07.html#what-s-next">接下来要做什么？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html">进阶指南：如何编写可重用程序</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#reusability-matters">可重用性很重要</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#your-project-and-your-reusable-app">你的项目和可复用应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#installing-some-prerequisites">安装必须环境</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#packaging-your-app">打包你的应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#using-your-own-package">使用你自己的包名</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#publishing-your-app">发布你的应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/reusable-apps.html#installing-python-packages-with-a-virtual-environment">通过虚拟环境安装 Python 包</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/whatsnext.html">下一步看什么</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/whatsnext.html#finding-documentation">查找文档</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/whatsnext.html#how-the-documentation-is-organized">文档是如何组成</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/whatsnext.html#how-documentation-is-updated">这个文档是如何更新的</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/whatsnext.html#where-to-get-it">从哪里获取这个</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/whatsnext.html#differences-between-versions">版本之间的差异</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html">编写你的第一个 Django 补丁</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#introduction">介绍</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#code-of-conduct">代码规范</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#installing-git">安装 Git</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#getting-a-copy-of-django-s-development-version">获得一个 Django 开发版本的副本</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#running-django-s-test-suite-for-the-first-time">首先运行 Django 的测试套件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#working-on-a-feature">尝试搞定一项新功能</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#creating-a-branch-for-your-patch">为你的补丁创建一个分支</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#writing-some-tests-for-your-ticket">为你的工单写一些测试用例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#writing-the-code-for-your-ticket">为你的工单编写代码</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#running-django-s-test-suite-for-the-second-time">第二次运行 Django 测试套件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#writing-documentation">书写文档</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#previewing-your-changes">预览你的修改</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#committing-the-changes-in-the-patch">提交补丁中的修改</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#pushing-the-commit-and-making-a-pull-request">推送这次提交并生成一个 pull 请求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="intro/contributing.html#next-steps">下一步</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/index.html">使用 Django</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/install.html">如何安装 Django</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/install.html#install-python">安装 Python</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/install.html#install-apache-and-mod-wsgi">安装 Apache 和 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mod_wsgi</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/install.html#get-your-database-running">运行你的数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/install.html#install-the-django-code">安装 Django 源码</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/index.html">模型和数据库</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/models.html">模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/queries.html">执行查询</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/aggregation.html">聚合</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/search.html">搜索</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/managers.html">管理器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/sql.html">执行原生 SQL 查询</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/transactions.html">数据库事务</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/multi-db.html">多数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/tablespaces.html">表空间（Tablespaces）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/optimization.html">数据库访问优化</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/instrumentation.html">数据库工具</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/db/examples/index.html">模型关联 API 用法示例</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/index.html">处理 HTTP 请求</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/urls.html">URL调度器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/views.html">编写视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/decorators.html">视图装饰器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/file-uploads.html">文件上传</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/shortcuts.html">Django 便捷函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/generic-views.html">通用视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/middleware.html">中间件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/http/sessions.html">如何使用会话</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html">使用表单</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#html-forms">HTML表单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#django-s-role-in-forms">Django在表单中的角色</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#forms-in-django">Django 中的表单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#building-a-form">构建一张表单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#more-about-django-form-classes">详解Django <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Form</span></code> 类</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#working-with-form-templates">使用表单模板</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/forms/index.html#further-topics">更多相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/templates.html">模板</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/templates.html#the-django-template-language">Django 模板语言</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/templates.html#support-for-template-engines">模板引擎的支持</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/index.html">基于类的视图</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/intro.html">基于类的视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/generic-display.html">内置的基于类的通用视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/generic-editing.html">使用基于类的视图处理表单</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/mixins.html">在基于类的视图中使用混入</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/index.html#basic-examples">基础示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/index.html#usage-in-your-urlconf">在 URLconf 中的用法</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/class-based-views/index.html#subclassing-generic-views">子类化通用视图</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html">迁移</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#the-commands">命令</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#backend-support">后端支持</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#workflow">工作流程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#transactions">事务</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#dependencies">依赖</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#migration-files">迁移文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#adding-migrations-to-apps">向应用添加迁移</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#reversing-migrations">撤销迁移</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#historical-models">历史模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#considerations-when-removing-model-fields">删除模型字段时的注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#data-migrations">数据迁移</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#squashing-migrations">压缩迁移</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#serializing-values">序列化值</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/migrations.html#supporting-multiple-django-versions">支持多个 Django 版本</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/files.html">管理文件</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/files.html#using-files-in-models">在模型中使用文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/files.html#the-file-object"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">File</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/files.html#file-storage">文件存储</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/index.html">Django 中的测试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/overview.html">编写并运行测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/tools.html">测试工具</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/testing/advanced.html">进阶测试主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/index.html">Django中的用户认证</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/index.html#overview">概况</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/index.html#installation">安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/auth/index.html#usage">用法</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html">Django 缓存框架</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#setting-up-the-cache">设置缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#the-per-site-cache">站点缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#the-per-view-cache">视图缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#template-fragment-caching">模板片段缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#the-low-level-cache-api">底层缓存 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#downstream-caches">下游缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#using-vary-headers">使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Vary</span></code> 标头</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#controlling-cache-using-other-headers">使用其他标头控制高速缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/cache.html#order-of-middleware"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MIDDLEWARE</span></code> 顺序</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/conditional-view-processing.html">条件视图处理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/conditional-view-processing.html#the-condition-decorator">条件装饰器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/conditional-view-processing.html#shortcuts-for-only-computing-one-value">仅用于计算一个值的快捷方式</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/conditional-view-processing.html#using-the-decorators-with-other-http-methods">将装饰器和其他 HTTP 方法一起使用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/conditional-view-processing.html#comparison-with-middleware-conditional-processing">对比中间件的条件处理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signing.html">加密签名</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signing.html#protecting-the-secret-key">保护 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SECRET_KEY</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signing.html#using-the-low-level-api">使用低级 API</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html">发送邮件</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#quick-example">快速上手</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#send-mail"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">send_mail()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#send-mass-mail"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">send_mass_mail()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#mail-admins"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mail_admins()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#mail-managers"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mail_managers()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#examples">示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#preventing-header-injection">防止头注入</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#the-emailmessage-class"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EmailMessage</span></code> 类</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#email-backends">邮件后端</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/email.html#configuring-email-for-development">为了开发配置邮件</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/index.html">国际化和本地化</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/index.html#overview">概况</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/i18n/index.html#definitions">定义</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html">日志</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html#a-quick-logging-primer">日志管理快速入门</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html#using-logging">使用 logging 模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html#configuring-logging">日志模块的配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html#django-s-logging-extensions">Django 的日志记录扩展</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/logging.html#django-s-default-logging-configuration">Django 的默认日志配置</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/pagination.html">分页</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/pagination.html#the-paginator-class"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Paginator</span></code> 类</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/pagination.html#example">例如</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/pagination.html#paginating-a-listview"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ListView</span></code> 分页</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/pagination.html#using-paginator-in-a-view-function">在视图函数中使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Paginator</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html">Django 的安全性</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#cross-site-scripting-xss-protection">防御跨站脚本攻击（XSS）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-protection">防御跨站点请求伪造（CSRF）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#sql-injection-protection">防御 SQL 注入</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#clickjacking-protection">防御访问劫持</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#ssl-https">SSL/HTTPS</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#host-header-validation">Host 头部验证</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#referrer-policy">Referrer 策略</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#session-security">会话安全</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#user-uploaded-content">用户上传内容</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/security.html#additional-security-topics">其他安全性相关主题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html">性能和优化</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#introduction">介绍</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#general-approaches">一般方法</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#caching">缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#understanding-laziness">理解惰性</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#databases">数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#http-performance">HTTP 性能</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#template-performance">模板性能</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/performance.html#using-different-versions-of-available-software">使用现有软件的不同版本</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/serialization.html">序列化 Django 对象</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/serialization.html#serializing-data">序列化数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/serialization.html#deserializing-data">反序列化数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/serialization.html#serialization-formats">序列化格式</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/serialization.html#natural-keys">自然键</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html">Django 配置</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#the-basics">基础</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#designating-the-settings">指定配置文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#default-settings">默认配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#using-settings-in-python-code">在 Python 代码中使用 settings</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#altering-settings-at-runtime">运行时更改设置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#security">安全</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#available-settings">可用的配置项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#creating-your-own-settings">创建你自己的配置文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/settings.html#using-settings-without-setting-django-settings-module">不设置 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE</span></code> 时使用配置</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signals.html">信号</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signals.html#listening-to-signals">监听信号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signals.html#defining-and-sending-signals">定义和发送信号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/signals.html#disconnecting-signals">断开信号</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/checks.html">系统检查框架</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/checks.html#writing-your-own-checks">编写自定义的检查</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/external-packages.html">扩展包</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/external-packages.html#localflavor">Localflavor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/external-packages.html#comments">Comments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/external-packages.html#formtools">Formtools</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/async.html">异步支持</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/async.html#async-views">异步视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/async.html#async-safety">异步安全</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="topics/async.html#async-adapter-functions">异步适配函数</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/index.html">操作指南</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/auth-remote-user.html">使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></code> 进行身份验证</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/auth-remote-user.html#configuration">配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/auth-remote-user.html#using-remote-user-on-login-pages-only">仅在登录界面使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html">编写自定义 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-admin</span></code> 命令</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html#accepting-optional-arguments">接受可选参数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html#management-commands-and-locales">管理命令和本地化</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html#testing">测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html#overriding-commands">覆盖命令</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-management-commands.html#command-objects">命令对象</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-model-fields.html">编写自定义模型字段(model fields)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-model-fields.html#introduction">介绍</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-model-fields.html#background-theory">背后的理论</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-model-fields.html#writing-a-field-subclass">编写一个 field 子类</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-model-fields.html#writing-a-filefield-subclass">编写一个 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FileField</span></code> 子类</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html">自定义查询器</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html#a-lookup-example">一个查询器示例。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html#a-transformer-example">一个转换器示例。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html#writing-an-efficient-abs-lt-lookup">编写一个高效的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">abs__lt</span></code> 查找</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html#a-bilateral-transformer-example">一个双向转换器示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html#writing-alternative-implementations-for-existing-lookups">为现有的查找编写代替实现</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-lookups.html#how-django-determines-the-lookups-and-transforms-which-are-used">Django 是如何取舍查询器和转换器的</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-backend.html">自定义模板的后端</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-backend.html#custom-backends">自定义后端</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-backend.html#debug-integration-for-custom-engines">为自定义引擎集成调试功能</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-tags.html">自定义模板标签和过滤器</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-tags.html#code-layout">代码布局</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-tags.html#writing-custom-template-filters">编写自定义的模板过滤器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-template-tags.html#writing-custom-template-tags">编写自定义模板标签</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/custom-file-storage.html">编写一个自定义存储系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/index.html">部署 Django</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/wsgi/index.html">如何使用 WSGI 进行部署</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/asgi/index.html">如何使用 ASGI 来部署</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/deployment/checklist.html">部署清单</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html">升级 Django 到最新的版本</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html#required-reading">必读内容</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html#dependencies">依赖</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html#resolving-deprecation-warnings">处理过期警告</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html#installation">安装</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html#testing">测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/upgrade-version.html#deployment">部署</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/error-reporting.html">发送错误</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/error-reporting.html#email-reports">通过邮件方式报告</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/error-reporting.html#filtering-error-reports">过滤错误报告</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/initial-data.html">为模型提供初始化的数据</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/initial-data.html#providing-initial-data-with-migrations">通过迁移提供初始数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/initial-data.html#providing-data-with-fixtures">通过固定内容提供数据</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/legacy-databases.html">Django 使用旧有的数据库</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/legacy-databases.html#give-django-your-database-parameters">将数据库参数告诉 Django</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/legacy-databases.html#auto-generate-the-models">自动生成这些模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/legacy-databases.html#install-the-core-django-tables">安装核心 Django 表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/legacy-databases.html#test-and-tweak">测试和调整</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-csv.html">利用 Django 输出 CSV</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-csv.html#using-the-python-csv-library">使用 Python 的 CSV 库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-csv.html#using-the-template-system">使用模板系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-csv.html#other-text-based-formats">其它文本格式</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-pdf.html">利用 Django 输出 PDF</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-pdf.html#install-reportlab">安装 ReportLab</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-pdf.html#write-your-view">编写视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/outputting-pdf.html#other-formats">其它格式</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/overriding-templates.html">复写模板</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/overriding-templates.html#overriding-from-the-project-s-templates-directory">重写来自工程目录的模板</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/overriding-templates.html#overriding-from-an-app-s-template-directory">重写来自应用模板目录的模板</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/overriding-templates.html#extending-an-overridden-template">扩展复写模板</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html">管理静态文件（比如图片、JavaScript、CSS）</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html#configuring-static-files">配置静态文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html#serving-static-files-during-development">开发时提供静态文件服务</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html#serving-files-uploaded-by-a-user-during-development">开发期间保存用户上传的文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html#testing">测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html#deployment">部署</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/index.html#learn-more">了解更多</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/deployment.html">部署静态文件</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/deployment.html#serving-static-files-in-production">在生产环境提供静态文件服务</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/static-files/deployment.html#learn-more">了解更多</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html">如何在 Windows 上安装 Django</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html#install-python">安装Python</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html#about-pip">关于 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html#setting-up-a-virtual-environment">配置一个虚拟环境</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html#install-django">安装 Django</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html#colored-terminal-output">彩色终端输出</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/windows.html#common-pitfalls">常见失误</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html">编写数据库迁移语句</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html#data-migrations-and-multiple-databases">数据迁移和多种数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html#migrations-that-add-unique-fields">添加独一无二字段的迁移</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html#controlling-the-order-of-migrations">控制迁移顺序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html#migrating-data-between-third-party-apps">在第三方应用程序中迁移数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html#changing-a-manytomanyfield-to-use-a-through-model">通过使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">through</span></code> 模型来更改 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ManyToManyField</span></code> 字段。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="howto/writing-migrations.html#changing-an-unmanaged-model-to-managed">将非托管模型变为托管的</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/index.html">Django FAQ</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html">FAQ：概述</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#why-does-this-project-exist">这个项目因何存在。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#what-does-django-mean-and-how-do-you-pronounce-it">“Django”是什么意思，怎么发音？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#is-django-stable">Django 稳定吗?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#does-django-scale">Django 可扩展吗?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#who-s-behind-this">谁在这背后？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#how-is-django-licensed">Django 是如何授权的？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#why-does-django-include-python-s-license-file">为什么 Django 包含 Python 的协议文件？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#which-sites-use-django">哪些站点使用 Django?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#django-appears-to-be-a-mvc-framework-but-you-call-the-controller-the-view-and-the-view-the-template-how-come-you-don-t-use-the-standard-names">Django 似乎是一个 MVC 框架，但是您将控制器称为“视图”，并视图称为“模板”。 为什么不使用标准命名？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#framework-x-does-feature-y-why-doesn-t-django">&lt;Framework X&gt;可以做到&lt;feature Y&gt;--为什么 Django 不能呢？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#why-did-you-write-all-of-django-from-scratch-instead-of-using-other-python-libraries">为什么你要从头开始写所有的 Django 项目，而不是使用其他 Python 库？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#is-django-a-content-management-system-cms">Django 是个内容管理系统(CMS)吗?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#how-can-i-download-the-django-documentation-to-read-it-offline">我如何下载 Django 文档进行离线阅读？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/general.html#how-do-i-cite-django">如何引用 Django？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/install.html">FAQ：安装</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/install.html#how-do-i-get-started">如何开始？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/install.html#what-are-django-s-prerequisites">使用 Django，需要做好什么准备？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/install.html#what-python-version-can-i-use-with-django">我应该使用哪个版本的 Python 来配合 Django?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/install.html#what-python-version-should-i-use-with-django">我应该选用什么版本的 Python 来使用 Django ？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/install.html#should-i-use-the-stable-version-or-development-version">我应该使用稳定版本还是开发版本？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/usage.html">FAQ: 使用Django</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/usage.html#why-do-i-get-an-error-about-importing-django-settings-module">为什么我在导入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE</span></code> 时收到错误提示？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/usage.html#i-can-t-stand-your-template-language-do-i-have-to-use-it">我不喜欢 Django 的模板语言，能不能不使用它？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/usage.html#do-i-have-to-use-your-model-database-layer">我是否必须使用你的模型/数据库层？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/usage.html#how-do-i-use-image-and-file-fields">我要怎么使用图片和文件字段？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/usage.html#how-do-i-make-a-variable-available-to-all-my-templates">我如何让一个变量可用于我的所有模板之中？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/help.html">FAQ：获取帮助</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/help.html#how-do-i-do-x-why-doesn-t-y-work-where-can-i-go-to-get-help">我该如何做 X？Y为什么不工作？我可以去哪里寻求帮助？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/help.html#why-hasn-t-my-message-appeared-on-django-users">为什么我的信息没有出现在 <em>django-users</em> 上面呢？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/help.html#nobody-answered-my-question-what-should-i-do">没有人回答我的问题！我应该怎么办呢？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/help.html#i-think-i-ve-found-a-bug-what-should-i-do">我认为我找到了个 bug！我应该做什么呢？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/help.html#i-think-i-ve-found-a-security-problem-what-should-i-do">我认为我已经发现了个安全问题！我应该做什么？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html">FAQ：数据库和模型</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html#how-can-i-see-the-raw-sql-queries-django-is-running">我该如何在Django运行的过程中看到SQL查询？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html#can-i-use-django-with-a-pre-existing-database">我可以让 Django 用一个之前已经存在的数据库吗？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html#if-i-make-changes-to-a-model-how-do-i-update-the-database">如果我对一个模型做了改动，我该如何去更新数据库？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html#do-django-models-support-multiple-column-primary-keys">Django 支持多列主键吗？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html#does-django-support-nosql-databases">Django 支持 NoSQL 数据库吗？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/models.html#how-do-i-add-database-specific-options-to-my-create-table-statements-such-as-specifying-myisam-as-the-table-type">如何将特定于数据库的选项添加到我的 CREATE TABLE 语句中，例如将 MylSAM 指定为表类型？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html">FAQ：管理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#i-can-t-log-in-when-i-enter-a-valid-username-and-password-it-just-brings-up-the-login-page-again-with-no-error-messages">无法登录。当我输入有效的用户名和密码后，页面再跳转到登录页面，没有显示任何错误信息。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#i-can-t-log-in-when-i-enter-a-valid-username-and-password-it-brings-up-the-login-page-again-with-a-please-enter-a-correct-username-and-password-error">我无法登陆。当我输入有效的用户名和密码后，它又跳转到了登录界面，并且显示一个“请输入正确的用户名和密码”的错误。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#how-do-i-automatically-set-a-field-s-value-to-the-user-who-last-edited-the-object-in-the-admin">在管理面板中，如何将字段的值自动设置为最后编辑它的用户？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#how-do-i-limit-admin-access-so-that-objects-can-only-be-edited-by-the-users-who-created-them">我们如何设定管理权限，以便对象只能由创建它们的用户进行编辑？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#my-admin-site-css-and-images-showed-up-fine-using-the-development-server-but-they-re-not-displaying-when-using-mod-wsgi">管理界面的 CSS 和图片在开发模式下正常加载，但是在使用 mod_wsgi 进行部署的情况下却无法进行加载？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#my-list-filter-contains-a-manytomanyfield-but-the-filter-doesn-t-display">我的“list_filter”包含一个 ManyToManyField (多对多字段)，但过滤器不显示</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#some-objects-aren-t-appearing-in-the-admin">有些对象没有在管理中出现。</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#how-can-i-customize-the-functionality-of-the-admin-interface">如何个性化管理员后台接口的功能？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#the-dynamically-generated-admin-site-is-ugly-how-can-i-change-it">动态生成的管理页面太丑了。我该怎么换掉它？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/admin.html#what-browsers-are-supported-for-using-the-admin">Admin 适配了哪些浏览器？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/contributing.html">FAQ：贡献代码</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/contributing.html#how-can-i-get-started-contributing-code-to-django">如何为 Django 贡献代码?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/contributing.html#i-submitted-a-bug-fix-in-the-ticket-system-several-weeks-ago-why-are-you-ignoring-my-patch">我几周之前提交了一个工单系统 bug 的修复。为什么忽略我的提议？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/contributing.html#when-and-how-might-i-remind-the-team-of-a-patch-i-care-about">何时以及如何提醒团队我所关注的补丁？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/contributing.html#but-i-ve-reminded-you-several-times-and-you-keep-ignoring-my-patch">但是我已经提醒你好几遍了，你依然继续忽略我的补丁！</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/contributing.html#i-m-sure-my-ticket-is-absolutely-100-perfect-can-i-mark-it-as-ready-for-checkin-myself">我肯定我的工单百分之100绝对完成了，那么就能说我把这个工单认定为 ”通过批准&quot; 了吗？</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/troubleshooting.html">错误调试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/troubleshooting.html#problems-running-django-admin">运行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-admin</span></code> 时遇到的问题</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq/troubleshooting.html#miscellaneous">杂项</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/index.html">API 参考</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html">应用程序</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html#projects-and-applications">项目和应用程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html#configuring-applications">配置应用程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html#application-configuration">应用程序配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html#application-registry">应用程序注册表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/applications.html#initialization-process">初始化进程</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/checks.html">系统检查框架</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/checks.html#api-reference">API 参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/checks.html#builtin-tags">内置标签</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/checks.html#core-system-checks">核心系统检查</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/checks.html#contrib-app-checks"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contrib</span></code> 应用检查</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/index.html">内置基于类的视图 API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/base.html">基础视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/generic-display.html">通用显示视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/generic-editing.html">通用编辑视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/generic-date-based.html">通用日期视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/mixins.html">基于类的视图混入</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/flattened-index.html">基于类的通用视图——扁平化索引</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/index.html#specification">规范</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/class-based-views/index.html#base-vs-generic-views">基础 vs 通用视图</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/clickjacking.html">点击劫持保护</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/clickjacking.html#an-example-of-clickjacking">点击劫持的一个例子</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/clickjacking.html#preventing-clickjacking">防止点击劫持</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/clickjacking.html#how-to-use-it">如何使用它</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/clickjacking.html#limitations">限制</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contrib</span></code> 包</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/admin/index.html">Django 管理站点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/auth.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.contrib.auth</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/contenttypes.html">内容类型框架</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/flatpages.html">简单页面应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/gis/index.html">GeoDjango</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/humanize.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.contrib.humanize</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/messages.html">消息框架</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/postgres/index.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.contrib.postgres</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/redirects.html">重定向应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/sitemaps.html">站点地图框架</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/sites.html">“站点”框架</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/staticfiles.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">staticfiles</span></code> 应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/syndication.html">Feed 聚合框架</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#admin"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">admin</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#auth"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">auth</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#contenttypes"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contenttypes</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#flatpages"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatpages</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#gis"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gis</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#humanize"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">humanize</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#messages"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">messages</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#postgres"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">postgres</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#redirects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">redirects</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#sessions"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sessions</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#sites"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sites</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#sitemaps"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sitemaps</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#syndication"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">syndication</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/contrib/index.html#other-add-ons">其他附加功能</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html">跨站请求伪造保护</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#how-to-use-it">如何使用它</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#rejected-requests">被拒绝的请求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#how-it-works">工作方式</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#caching">缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#testing">测试中</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#limitations">限制</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#edge-cases">边缘案例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#contrib-and-reusable-apps">Contrib 和可重用的应用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#settings">配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/csrf.html#frequently-asked-questions">常问问题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html">数据库</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#general-notes">通用注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#postgresql-notes">PostgreSQL 注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#mariadb-notes">MariaDB 注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#mysql-notes">MySQL 注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#sqlite-notes">SQLite 注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#oracle-notes">Oracle 注意事项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#subclassing-the-built-in-database-backends">子类化内置数据库后端</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/databases.html#using-a-3rd-party-database-backend">使用第三方数据库后端</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-admin</span></code> 和 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">manage.py</span></code></a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#usage">用法</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#available-commands">可用命令</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#commands-provided-by-applications">应用程序提供的命令</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#default-options">默认选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#extra-niceties">额外的细节</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#running-management-commands-from-your-code">从你的代码中运行管理命令</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/django-admin.html#output-redirection">输出重定向</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html">Django 异常</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#module-django.core.exceptions">Django 核心异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#url-resolver-exceptions">URL 解析器异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#database-exceptions">数据库异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#http-exceptions">Http 异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#sessions-exceptions">会话异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#transaction-exceptions">事务异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#testing-framework-exceptions">测试框架异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/exceptions.html#python-exceptions">Python 异常</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/files/index.html">文件处理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/files/file.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">File</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/files/storage.html">文件存储 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/files/uploads.html">上传的文件和上传处理程序</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/index.html">表单</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/api.html">表单 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/fields.html">表单字段</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/models.html">模型表单函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/formsets.html">表单集函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/renderers.html">表单渲染 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/widgets.html">部件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/forms/validation.html">表单和字段验证</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/middleware.html">中间件</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/middleware.html#available-middleware">可用的中间件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/middleware.html#middleware-ordering">中间件顺序</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/migration-operations.html">迁移操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/migration-operations.html#schema-operations">架构操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/migration-operations.html#special-operations">特殊操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/migration-operations.html#writing-your-own">自己写</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/index.html">模型</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/fields.html">模型字段参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/fields.html#field-attribute-reference">字段属性参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/indexes.html">模型索引参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/constraints.html">约束参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/meta.html">模型 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_meta</span></code> API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/relations.html">关联对象参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/class.html">模型类参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/options.html">模型 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Meta</span></code> 选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/instances.html">模型实例参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/querysets.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QuerySet</span></code> API 参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/lookups.html">查找 API 参考</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/expressions.html">查询表达式</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/conditional-expressions.html">条件表达式</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/models/database-functions.html">数据库函数</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/paginator.html">分页器</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/paginator.html#paginator-class"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Paginator</span></code> 类</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/paginator.html#page-class"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Page</span></code> 类</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/paginator.html#exceptions">异常</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html">请求和响应对象</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#quick-overview">快速概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#httprequest-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HttpRequest</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#querydict-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QueryDict</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#httpresponse-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HttpResponse</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#jsonresponse-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">JsonResponse</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#streaminghttpresponse-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">StreamingHttpResponse</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/request-response.html#fileresponse-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FileResponse</span></code> 对象</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/schema-editor.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SchemaEditor</span></code></a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/schema-editor.html#methods">方法</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/schema-editor.html#attributes">属性</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html">配置</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#core-settings">核心配置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#auth">认证</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#messages">消息</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#sessions">会话</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#sites">站点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#static-files">静态文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/settings.html#core-settings-topical-index">核心配置专题索引</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/signals.html">信号</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/signals.html#module-django.db.models.signals">模型信号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/signals.html#management-signals">管理信号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/signals.html#module-django.core.signals">请求／响应信号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/signals.html#module-django.test.signals">测试信号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/signals.html#module-django.db.backends">数据库包装器</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/index.html">模板</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/language.html">Django 模板语言</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/builtins.html">内置模板标签和过滤器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/templates/api.html">Django 模板语言：对于 Python 开发者</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/template-response.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TemplateResponse</span></code> 和 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SimpleTemplateResponse</span></code></a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/template-response.html#simpletemplateresponse-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SimpleTemplateResponse</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/template-response.html#templateresponse-objects"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TemplateResponse</span></code> 对象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/template-response.html#the-rendering-process">渲染过程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/template-response.html#using-templateresponse-and-simpletemplateresponse">使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TemplateResponse</span></code> 和 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SimpleTemplateResponse</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html">Unicode 数据</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html#creating-the-database">创建数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html#general-string-handling">一般字符串处理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html#models">模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html#templates">模板</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html#files">文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/unicode.html#form-submission">表单提交</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urlresolvers.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.urls</span></code> 实用函数</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urlresolvers.html#reverse">reverse()</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urlresolvers.html#reverse-lazy"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">reverse_lazy()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urlresolvers.html#resolve"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resolve()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urlresolvers.html#get-script-prefix"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_script_prefix()</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html">URLconfs 中使用的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.urls</span></code> 函数</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#path"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">path()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#re-path"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re_path()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#include"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">include()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#register-converter"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">register_converter()</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#module-django.conf.urls">URLconfs 中使用的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.conf.urls</span></code> 函数</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#static"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">static()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#url"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">url()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#handler400"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">handler400</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#handler403"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">handler403</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#handler404"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">handler404</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/urls.html#handler500"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">handler500</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html">Django 实用程序</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.cache"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.cache</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.dateparse"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.dateparse</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.decorators"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.decorators</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.encoding"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.encoding</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.feedgenerator"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.feedgenerator</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.functional"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.functional</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.html"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.html</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.http"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.http</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.module_loading"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.module_loading</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.safestring"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.safestring</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.text"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.text</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.timezone"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.timezone</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/utils.html#module-django.utils.translation"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django.utils.translation</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/validators.html">验证器</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/validators.html#writing-validators">编写验证器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/validators.html#how-validators-are-run">如何运行验证器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/validators.html#built-in-validators">内置验证器</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/views.html">内置视图</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/views.html#serving-files-in-development">为开发中的文件提供服务</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ref/views.html#error-views">错误视图</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/index.html">元文件和杂记</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/api-stability.html">API 的稳定性</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/api-stability.html#what-stable-means">什么是“稳定”？</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/api-stability.html#stable-apis">稳定的 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/api-stability.html#exceptions">例外</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html">设计理念</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#overall">总体</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#models">模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#database-api">数据库API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#url-design">URL 设计</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#template-system">模板系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#views">视图</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/design-philosophies.html#cache-framework">缓存框架</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/distributions.html">Django 的第三方发布包</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="misc/distributions.html#for-distributors">对于发布者</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="glossary.html">术语</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html">发行说明</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#final-releases">最终版本</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#release">3.2 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id1">3.1 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id2">3.0 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id3">2.2 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id4">2.1 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id5">2.0 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id6">1.11 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id7">1.10 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id8">1.9 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id9">1.8 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id10">1.7 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id11">1.6 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id12">1.5 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id13">1.4 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id14">1.3 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id15">1.2 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id16">1.1 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#id17">1.0 发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#pre-1-0-releases">1.0 前发行</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="releases/index.html#security-releases">安全发行</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/index.html">Django internals</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/contributing/index.html">为 Django 做贡献</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/contributing/index.html#work-on-the-django-framework">Work on the Django framework</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/contributing/index.html#join-the-django-community">Join the Django community ❤️</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html">邮件列表</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html#django-users"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-users</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html#django-developers"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-developers</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html#django-announce"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-announce</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/mailing-lists.html#django-updates"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">django-updates</span></code></a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html">Organization of the Django Project</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html#principles">Principles</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html#mergers">Mergers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html#releasers">Releasers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html#technical-board">Technical board</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/organization.html#changing-the-organization">Changing the organization</a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html">Django's security policies</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html#reporting-security-issues">Reporting security issues</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html#supported-versions">支持的版本</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html#how-django-discloses-security-issues">How Django discloses security issues</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html#who-receives-advance-notification">Who receives advance notification</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/security.html#requesting-notifications">Requesting notifications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html">Django 的发行流程</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html#official-releases">正式发行</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html#release-cadence">发行节奏</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html#deprecation-policy">废弃政策</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html#supported-versions">支持的版本</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/release-process.html#release-process">发行过程</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html">Django废弃时间表</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-4-1">4.1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-4-0">4.0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-3-1">3.1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-3-0">3.0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-2-1">2.1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-2-0">2.0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-10">1.10</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-9">1.9</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-8">1.8</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-7">1.7</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-6">1.6</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-5">1.5</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-4">1.4</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/deprecation.html#deprecation-removed-in-1-3">1.3</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/git.html">The Django source code repository</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/git.html#high-level-overview">High-level overview</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/git.html#the-main-branch">The main branch</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/git.html#stable-branches">Stable branches</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/git.html#id1">标签(Tags)</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html">How is Django Formed?</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#overview">概况</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#pre-release-tasks">Pre-release tasks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#preparing-for-release">Preparing for release</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#actually-rolling-the-release">Actually rolling the release</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#making-the-release-s-available-to-the-public">Making the release(s) available to the public</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#post-release">Post-release</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#new-stable-branch-tasks">New stable branch tasks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="internals/howto-release-django.html#notes-on-setting-the-version-tuple">Notes on setting the VERSION tuple</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
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